The development of a waste management strategy requires knowledge of the quantity and quality of each major waste stream through an appropriate data monitoring approach and a sound evaluation of waste management options. This may require, in some cases, the use of a life-cycle assessment (LCA) to identify options associated with the best environmental performance, which may sometimes depart from the waste hierarchy.
An integrated waste management strategy can consider the following elements:
- the current and future expected trends of waste streams;
- the waste hierarchy, prioritising measures according to the hierarchy (firstly waste prevention, secondly preparation for reuse, etc.);
- the availability and capacity of nearby waste sorting/treatment facilities;
- the current environmental attitudes and perceptions of residents;
- any other specific condition affecting waste management (e.g. the significant presence of tourists/commuters, specific economic activities, climate).